"Lithium battery" is a kind of battery with lithium metal or lithium alloy as anode material and non-aqueous electrolyte solution. Lithium metal battery was first proposed and studied by Gilbert N. Lewis in 1912. In the 1970s, M. S. Whittingham proposed and began to research lithium-ion batteries. Due to the chemical characteristics of lithium metal is very active, the processing, preservation and use of lithium metal have very high environmental requirements. As a result, lithium batteries have not been used for a long time. With the development of science and technology, lithium battery has become the mainstream.

Lithium battery is divided into lithium battery and lithium ion battery. Lithium-ion batteries, commonly known as lithium-ion batteries, are used in mobile phones and laptops, but they are rarely used in everyday electronics because they are dangerous.

Lithium batteries are widely used in hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power stations and other energy storage power systems, as well as power tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles, military equipment, aerospace and other fields. At present, lithium batteries have been gradually extended to electric bicycles, electric cars and other fields.